Blog

  • Nigeria Appoints First Female Chief Justice

    Aloma Mukhtar, 68 has been confirmed as the first woman chief Justice in Nigeria.

    She becomes Nigeria’s 13th Chief Justice.

    She was confirmed by the Nigerian Senate on Wednesday. Her nomination was made by President Goodluck Jonathan on July 4.

    She is replacing Dahiru Musdapher, who is expected to vacate office on July 15 at the mandatory retirement age of 70.

    Mukhtar was born in north-western Nigerian town of Kano in November 1944.

    She attended schools in Nigeria and England before becoming the first woman from the north to be admitted to the Nigerian Bar.

    Mukhtar was appointed the country’s first woman judge in September 1987, and in 2005 she became the first woman to ascend to the bench of Nigeria’s Supreme Court.

  • Uganda Sends back 718 Congolese Soldiers

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    Uganda government has handed over 718 FARDC troops who had fled rebel fire last week in Kivu Province of DRCongo.

    Uganda has also pleaded to the DRC government not to punish the soldiers saying that their escape from the battle was the only way to save many lives.

    “The commanders’ decision to withdraw was the right one because they saved many lives that the government was about to lose, so welcome them and treat them well,” said The Resident District Commissioner, Lt. Milton Odongo.

    The soldiers, who entered through Kisoro District of Uganda, were handed over on Wednesday at the 23rd Battalion of Rusese Barracks in Kasese.

    They were received by the Congolese deputy Ambassador to Uganda, Jean Pierre Massala and the 708 FARDC Commander, Col. Eric Ruhorimbere and his deputy Regt. Commander, Bisamaza Risseiur and Regt. Commander 801 Col. Karonda Famba.

  • Monusco, FARDC Choppers Bomb M23 Bases

    The Congolese troops (FARDC) and the peacekeepers of the UN Mission in DRC (Monusco) reportedly today (July 12) bombed bases of the M23 rebels who had in the past days crashed country’s troops forcing hundreds of them fleeing over to Uganda.

    According to Agence France Press, three helicopters of the UN Mission in the DRC and two Congolese soldiers were seen over the area of Nkokwe Bukima, between 5 and 10 km east the road from Goma to Rutshuru.

    The same source said that a colonel of mutineers claimed that the FARDC are shelling their positions, but that the Congolese soldiers did not know where the rebels were.

    The FARDC has blocked the passage of all civilians at Rumangabo, a town about fifteen miles west of the bombed positions, the agency said French.

    Early in the morning, the FARDC spokesperson, Col. Olivier Hamuli, accused the M23 rebels of intentionally bombing civilian populations in the outskirts of the town of Rugari, in Rutshuru.

    Col. Hamuli said the bombing left one person dead and three wounded. He called this a barbaric criminal act.

    Monusco said July 11 that specific areas had been established in Rutshuru territory in North Kivu to protect the civilian population against attacks from armed groups.

    Monusco tanks and FARDC have been deployed in major cities of the province to prevent attacks of armed groups.

  • World Bank Pressed to Stop Money for Kenya-Ethiopia Electricity Line

    If the World Bank withholds cash meant to build a transmission line to Link Kenya to electricity generated from Ethiopia’s mega Gibe III Dam, the idea would leave East Africa without US$ 1 Billion lost inform of energy costs every year.

    The transmission line valued at US$ 1.3Billion is part of a broader plan to link the electricity grids of Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda, spurring growth and saving East African nations around $1 billion a year in energy costs.

    The World Bank has been urged to withhold support for a power line that would take electricity from Ethiopia to Kenya, citing environmental and human rights concerns.

    An advocacy group urged the new WB president Jim Yong Kim to hold fire. “The World Bank needs to rigorously apply its social and environmental safeguards,” a letter to Kim stated.

    “Human Rights Watch has very serious concerns that the World Bank has failed to do so as the project currently stands.”

    The roughly 1,000-kilometre (620-mile) transmission line is part of a nearly $1.3 billion project to link energy-producing Ethiopia with Kenya — where as many as 80% of the population is without power.

    However, Gibe III dam that will be the source of Electricity from Ethiopia is not funded by the World Bank.

    There are concerns that Gibe III dam construction could cause serious environmental damage to Lake Turkana, a Unesco world heritage site.

    Gibe III dam is the largest hydropower plant in Africa. When completed, the dam’s 243-metre high wall will be the tallest of its kind in the world.
    The plan is for electricity to become Ethiopia’s biggest export.

  • From Hopeless to UPenn

    In March 2011, I felt worn out and hopeless, believing that life had turned against me. I had just finished secondary school with good results, but still I had been turned down by four American universities. What had I done wrong? Was I stupid?

    A year later, though, a miracle of success occurred, the result of endurance, hard work, and belief in both others and myself. This is the story of my journey, from rejection to a scholarship at the University of Pennsylvania, an Ivy League college in the United States and truly the destination for a dream come true.

    The story starts on the grounds of Sonrise School in the northern part of Rwanda. In early June 2010, as I thought about continuing my education after high school, an idea came to mind: pursuing higher education in the U.S.

    I shared the idea with my mother, who at the age of 52 was herself a student at ULK, and she embraced the thought. But was going to school in the U.S. really achievable? I thought I could give it a try.

    Anna Reed, our American English instructor at Sonrise, said one word to me: “SAT.” I responded with excitement, “What kind of animal is this SAT?”

    The SAT, I soon learned, is an American college entrance exam I would need to take and do well on, to show I was well-prepared for school. The test is composed of three sections: math, reading and writing – each worth up to 800 points, for a total possible score of 2400. I decided to take the risk and began studying for the SAT.

    Throughout my senior-6 year, I studied for the national exams during the day, and at night I concentrated on my college applications. It was so tiresome to peruse that big SAT study book. My head throbbed and sometimes my nose would bleed.

    Other students started to discourage me. “Izo ni inzozi…” (Those are dreams!), they shouted at me, while I was taking my first SAT practice test.
    Even after 20 practice tests, I could not hit the mark. My first score was 1050 and my 20th was 1140 – very far below 2400. Would 1140 be good enough to get me a scholarship to a college such as Boston University? I doubted it.

    I thought of giving up and focusing only on my A-level exams, but I persevered.
    I took my first official SAT test, one of more than 2 million students worldwide, and scored 1140, which put me at the bottom 8th percentile of all performers – not very good for a top U.S. school, but hopefully it would be good enough for a Rwandan student.

    My TOEFL English exam score was also not very strong – only 517; most U.S. schools prefer a 550 or higher, and above 600 for the schools that could give out full scholarships. Yet after all the hard work I had invested, I had to keep my dream alive.

    In 2010, I applied to Baylor University, Emory University, Boston University, and the University of Rochester, but none accepted me. I felt as if my “Inzozi” – my dreams – were impossible to achieve. I saw my mother weep, which was torture for me and my family.

    As horrified as I was by the rejection, I remembered the words from the actor, Denzel Washington, who in a graduation speech at the University of Pennsylvania told students to “fall forward.” Sometimes adversity, challenges and rejections teach us to begin again, but this time, more intelligently, if we can learn from our mistakes.

    I fell forward, into improving my preparation and trying again. I relaunched my college journey. In the spring of 2011, Bridge2Rwanda, an American organization based in Kigali at Telecom House, started the Bridge2Rwanda Scholars program.

    This is an intensive, ten-month college preparation program in advanced English reading and writing, in community service, spirituality and leadership.

    I was fortunate to become part of the inaugural class. Great! I thought to myself. Here was a new vision of college opportunity. It was a place to reconnect, and a time to assess the journey and learn the importance of endurance.

    As a B2R Scholar, I moved forward and faced my fear of being rejected again. We studied a great deal and improved our reading and writing, which made us more proficient in English and increased our ability to take American college-level courses.

    We learned that we could not only study by reading the test. We needed to read more of everything, and only gradually would our comprehension improve.

    As Bridge2Rwanda Scholars, we also learned the benefits of past adversity and failure. We saw that whatever the outcome, it was always possible for us to learn on our own and succeed in our studies, no matter where we attended. At the same time, the program inspired us. I took more risks and applied to my dream schools, including the University of Pennsylvania.

    Through the Scholars program training, I raised my SAT score to 1420, much improved over what I had done before. I had to ask myself, though, was it good enough to get me to the University of Pennsylvania? I would soon find out.

    In late March 2012, I checked my e-mail. One word broadcast victory for me: “Congratulations!” As part of its policies, now that I was accepted, UPenn agreed to give me enough scholarship as I needed to attend. Overcome with emotion, I fell on the ground and cried tears of happiness.

    For two years, I had awaited this good news. My endurance, hard work and faith had sustained me. The reading and writing skills I acquired through Bridge2Rwanda’s Scholars program had made all the difference.

    Imagine, out of 31,217 applicants, only 3,200 students would be accepted – including one hopeless Rwandan.

    Now, the next phase of my journey begins – in Philadelphia, home of the university. As I prepare to leave, I look back with gratitude for all I have learned. The lessons are many. I learned about taking the SAT examination, and also about the importance of reading and studying for their own sake.

    The objective is not only to improve one’s English, but to try to understand and give back to the world. And, of course, I learned the true meaning of never giving up, the importance of faith that sustains us, and always falling forward.

    These are the moments that remain so vivid in my mind. As Rwandan children, should we give up, every time we lose? Should we let our past circumstances define our future? Should we continue to remain in misery when we have lost?

    We have to become something more than what the old limitations and hopelessness prescribe us to be. Determination and faith count more than anything.

    Today, Rwandan students are no different than anyone else. Our education system is competitive and has improved a great deal in recent years, so that with hard work, we can now attain acceptance to U.S. schools.

    The university system in the U.S. is open to us, if we are well-qualified academically and fully prepared to succeed at school.

    Best of all, many of my classmates in the Scholars program had shared similar experiences to mine, but by the end these friends had also won scholarships to other great schools in the U.S.

    U.S. universities even want to make an impression in Africa, and Rwanda is a country on the move. We have to put aside our fears and not let them get in our way. We have to step out of our comfort zones.

    We have to read and write. We need to use our talents and opportunities more effectively. And in the end, we can rise above our country’s tragic past and chart a course for her future.

  • Togo Prime Minister & Government Resign

    The Republic of Togo is in a political crisis following the resignation of the country’s Prime Minister and government.

    The resignation was announced through a statement on Togo national television and radio.

    However, no reason was given for their stepping down. Togo is due to hold parliamentary elections in October.

    A statement issued late on Wednesday said that President Faure Gnassingbe had accepted Prime Minister Gilbert Fossoun Houngbo’s resignation but the former United Nations diplomat would temporarily continue to run daily business.

    No official reason was given for the resignation and close aides to Houngbo did not comment.

    Houngbo was virtually unknown on the Togolese political scene when he was named prime minister in 2008.

    He was kept in the post following Gnassingbe’s re-election in May 2010.

    In recent weeks, there have been a number of protests in the former French colony ahead of the poll as opposition groups seek to reverse changes to voting rules.

  • Kagame Attends Oxford University Re|Source 2012 Conference

    President Kagame, David Nabarro, Paul Conway, Professor Chalres Godfray and Peter Howell during panel at Re|Source 2012 Conference-Oxford, 12 July 2012
    Today at Oxford University, President Paul Kagame took part in the interactive discussions with over 200 global leaders ranging from heads of states, nobel laureates, scholars and members of the private sector.

    Held at Oxford University, the Re|Source 2012 conference aims to start a new conversation on the challenge posed by seemingly scarce resources and the world’s growing population.

    Preceding President Kagame’s panel, Hans Grosling shared what many consider an unconventional approach to the understanding of global population and economic trends.

    He pointed to the overall progress in economic and population trends in most of Asia and Africa-including Rwanda where fertility rates has reached the halfway point between 8 and 2 children per family.

    Grosling told the audience that when it comes to current conventional views on the issue of population growth in the so-called developing world, “we are not dealing with ignorance but with intense arrogant views of the progress in Africa and Asia in the last 25 years.” “It is clear that Africa is the future,” he added.

    Following the introductory panels, President Kagame opened the “Food Glorious Food” panel that brought together David Nabarro- UN Secretary General’s Special Representative on Food Security and Nutrition, Paul Conway-Vice Chairman of Cargill Inc,Professor Charles Godffray-Director of the Oxford Martin Programme on the Future of Food and Peter Howell-General Manager of Rabobank International.

    President Kagame shared the experiences of programs such as crop intensification program that have led Rwanda to achieving sustainable agriculture and attaining food security.

    President Kagame told the participants: “prioritizing food security is a question of political will…if Rwanda can do it, so can any country that wants to.”

    President Kagame also challenged the audience to “look at the growing population as a resource, and not always a liability.”

    “They can be part of the solution if we ensure that productivity increases as population does. People should be empowered to find ways to increase resource efficiency, reduce waste and manage demand effectively,”he added.

    Similar to the integrated multisectoral programs that define Rwanda’s approach to food security, President Kagame reminded the audience to look at food security in its larger context.

    “To create sustainable benefits and growth nationally and across the world, we must continue to make global market linkages and address other barriers like subsidies and stringent quality standards whose main purpose seems to exclude products from some places,”he told the participants.

    President Kagame concluded by reminding the participants that food insecurity must be treated as a “threat to human existence in the same way we have tackled and reduced other issues of our time.”

  • In The Lives of Housegirls

    They are called Housegirls or househelpers or housemaids and in kinyarwanda they are refered to Bayaya for female and Ababoyi for males.

    Depending on a different home and background these househelpers are called different names.

    However, there are untold stories about these chaps who manage homes both when their masters are away or at home.

    They prepare food, take care of babies and clean houses and all house chores including prunning flower gardens.

    Nice Kanangire of IGIHE embarked on a quick survey about housemaids;(not their true names) Uwamariya Christine, Umulisa Epihanie, Ndayishima Florence, Iradukunda Clementine and Mahirwe Amina.

    Below are the excerpts of the carefully arranged conversation with five of them.

    All of them didn’t manage to roll up with school due to poverty; they stopped in Primary 6 apart from Epiphanie Umulisa who stopped earlier in Primary 4.

    Asked about what pushed them into doing such a work, they all gave the same answer where the major reason was poverty, a miserable life and a search for shelter because most of them found themselves homeless.

    Do you experience any forms of abuse by your masters?

    Christine Uwamariya: I personally don’t but my fellows do. Some of the masters consider us badly in such a way that we don’t have a convenient place to stay, some of my fellows still sleep on mats as I am telling you this.

    There are masters who think they have all their rights upon their househelps, and even reach the point where they slap them and even sometimes starve them because they failed to do something, without mentioning the delay in payment.

    Why do most house girls end up in prostitution?

    Mahirwe Amina: Most of the girls take themselves into prostitution because they feel unloved at their workplaces and even at their own homes so they become liberal and put themselves in all kinds of situations because they don’t feel appreciated, they no longer care about anything.

    However, in most cases they go into prostitution because they find the work in somebody’s house very hard to manage, money doesn’t come on time or is insufficient, having said that, the manner of the girl also contributes to all that.

    What is your advise to women that Leave their children with housemaids?

    Ndayishima Florence: My biggest advice would be to take them into day care if they can afford it because they never know how they are being treated once she is away from the house.

    The house help might be naturally mean or mistreated by the master then in return she might want to get revenge to the master through the children by harming them.

    If the mistress can’t afford day care I would advise her to take a house help who is also a woman and a mother because she knows the value of a child thus how to take care of it and educate it since she is the one the child will be staying with most of the time.

    How much are you Paid?

    Umulisa Epiphanie: They differ from one master to another but in general they range from Frw20,000 to Frw 50,000. Taking into account the responsibilities that we have in life that money is not enough but there is nothing we can do to it.

    All we do is try our best to use it well by purchasing only the necessities and then we keep the rest in bank accounts.

    Talk about Associations that support Housemaids

    Iradukunda Clementine: It really helps us because in case of problems, they provide us shelter and look for another place where we can do the job. We pay Frw 5,000 annually.

    Despite that, due to some house helps who were really undermined by their masters financially wise, the government ordered that no house help should be paid less than Frw 10,000.

  • King’s horses and all King’s men won’t Put Congo Together Again

    Augustin Mwanke Katumba was without a shadow of a doubt the most brilliant political strategist in the Democratic Republic of Congo since the beginning of this century.

    He inherited a dismembered and devastated country full of armed opposition groups challenging the authority of the central government of Kinshasa and managed to pave the way out towards peaceful development and the harmonization of regional relations and beyond.

    Mwanke Katumba managed the balancing act of engaging with the Chinese while maintaining relations afloat with Western donors despite the growing number of his detractors.

    Most of all, his clear vision of the national and regional politics made him a proactive actor in the relations with the movements in Eastern Congo and Kigali.

    The political arrangements supporting a constructive relationship with Rwanda were completely under his guidance handled with the utmost care and diplomatic prowess.

    The 2009 integration process of most armed opposition groups gave Congo the opportunity to engage in a peaceful development of the nation. It paved the way to the 2011 elections and a healthy regional collaboration.

    That second election was indeed one of the biggest tributes to this man’s greatness; the way he got it off the ground and landed softly after highly criticized polls is all in his honor.

    Both the presidential and legislative elections were fully supported by the African sister countries such as Rwanda, Angola, South Africa and the people of Eastern DRC, to the contrary of Western donor countries who viewed them with a pessimistic mindset.

    Halas the February plane crash in which Mwanke Katumba lost his life also marked the beginning of a new crisis era for the DRC.

    His seat now empty, a tug of war ensued between Katumba’s potential successors. Is this how we should read the reality beyond the new conflict in Eastern DRC? Is it because his potential successors wanted to show President Kabila that they were ready to take on the job?

    It is hard to believe that Mwanke would have started a new war knowing he wouldn’t win it, a conflict that would drag the country back into nightmares rather than the development of the nation.

    This second mandate for President Kabila needed to be about delivering and progress, paving the way for the imminent rise of the Congolese society.

    The entourage of Kabila drew the bad card by plunging again into a conflict that in any case scenario will have a disastrous impact on his presidency.

    The role of the Western lesson givers who have been supporting DRC in reorganizing and training the Congolese army cannot be minimized as they seem today part of the stakeholders in this disaster for DRC.

    It took the Congolese leadership ten years to build a framework of hate and fear for the populations in the East. A framework wherein some Congolese nationals were treated as second class citizens, and vilified as agents of Rwanda, the usual suspect in the DRC’s problems.

    A framework built through hate lingua and media supported by the Kinshasa leadership.

    When in 2009 Rwanda and DRC decided to have a radical move towards a peaceful and constructive relationship between the two nations it somehow put a stop to the past escalation.

    To show how much Rwanda was ready to contribute to the effort, Kigali swallowed the CNDP problem and opened up a way for Kabila to integrate its opponents, Kinshasa on the other hand allowed the fight against FDLR as if the harm caused by the genocidairs was only affecting Rwanda.

    Again it seems that Kinshasa lacked a real assessment on the root causes for its problems in the East. Probably Kabila and his entourage never accepted the fact that they had been pushed, defeat after defeat, to accept the military setback, as they never understood the misery of the Kivu populations being hostages of genocidairs forces as an actual national disaster.

    During the following years Kinshasa focused in reorganizing its national army without the integrated elements. The Congolese leadership never dismantled the hate frame built against the Congolese Rwandophones and associates.

    Making it even worse by developing tribal aversion against Congolese Tutsi.
    Three years later we’re back at square one. Kinshasa wants to give the Rwandans a “bloody nose” and prove to all that Congo is back like in the old Mobutu days.

    Same scenario as previous picture: defeat of the glorious Congolese army, over equipped with ten times more troops than the “rebels”. Who is to blame? With the traditional support of UN “experts” and “leaked” reports, follow my eyes: Rwanda.

    The mutiny doesn’t need Rwanda to defeat the Congolese armed forces, that’s only the excuse and everyone knows. The mutineers of M23 have a legitimate cause to serve, despite what the US envoy in DRC and others have to plead.

    And as long, as the root causes aren’t being taken in consideration and dealt with by the Congolese leadership, they will hasten the collapse of Kabila.

    A military solution is suicidal, a political resolution is the only way out. If Kabila doesn’t understand that the security of every community including the Rwandophones needs to be guaranteed as a priority and the FDLR seen as a threat for the populations of Eastern Congo, Kinshasa will loose the Kivus on a longer run and probably more.

    President Kabila is fighting his own shadow, shooting his own feet, creating his own downfall. And all the king’s horses and all the king’s men won’t put Congo together again.

  • M23 Rebels Deny Plans to Capture Goma

    The UN Mission for Stabilization in Democratic Republic of Congo,MONUSCO is currently redeploying its troops to Goma to allegedly protect the city from mutineers, the country’s UN envoy says.

    Roger Meece said he was determined to protect population centres in the east from advancing rebels of the M23 group.

    Meanwhile, accoring to a source, the army has retaken the two towns recently captured by the fighters.

    However, M23 rebels say they have no intention of taking Goma and want to negotiate with the government.

    During the press conference held Tuesday, July 10 in Kinshasa, the head of MONUSCO, Meece also reiterated the commitment of peacekeepers in protecting civilians in large cities of the province of North Kivu.

    “We take all provisions with the FARDC against any threat to civilian populations. Tanks will be made to prevent the progression of the rebels toward Goma and other towns, “said Meece.

    When the decision to extend the mandate of Monusco until 30 June 2013, the Security Council asked UN mission in DRC primarily to protect civilians and maintain a reserve force able to quickly redeploy in the country.