Category: Science &Technology

  • New Microsoft Surface Windows 8 tablets Arrive

    Microsoft has unveiled Surface – its own-brand family of tablets.

    The touchscreen computers will be powered by its upcoming Windows 8 system and contain a choice of an Intel or ARM-based processor.

    It allows the firm to challenge Apple’s bestselling iPad with a device that can run standard applications such as its own Office programs and Photoshop.

    But it puts Microsoft in competition with other manufacturers planning to release tablets designed for Windows 8.

    The company’s chief executive, Steve Ballmer, said he had wanted to give the software “its own companion hardware”.

    The devices have 10.6 inch (26.9cm) displays, built-in kickstands and are housed in magnesium cases – which the company described as the first of their kind.

    The ARM-based tablets are 9.3mm (0.4 inches) thick – slightly less than the iPad – and run the Windows RT version of the new system.

    The Verge reported that the chipset will be built by Nvidia. Third-party developers must rewrite programs from scratch to run on the system’s Metro interface to work on these devices.

    The versions using Intel’s x86 technology run Windows 8 Pro and are 13.5mm (0.5 inches) thick. These can run Metro and an updated version of the “classic” desktop meaning they can use software designed for earlier editions of Windows, although some programs will need to be updated to be compatible.

    The specifications mean the Surface tablets have bigger screens than the iPad but are heavier.

  • Pagani Huayra is Not Just Another Hypercar

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    The Pagani Huayra is not just another fringe hypercar — another exclusive, expensive, pointless toy for the collector who’s bored with his Ferraris and wants to tool around to the country club in something his rich buddies don’t have. Tempting, that is, until you drive it.

    The Huayra is the follow-up to the Zonda, the debut model from self-taught supercar auteur Horacio Pagani.

    It features an all-new chassis with a central monocoque made from titanium-infused carbon fiber, and the wheelbase has been stretched 2.75 inches over the Zonda.

    The suspension is pure race car stuff: double wishbones milled from billets of a copper-rich aluminum alloy called Avional, with pushrod-actuated Ohlins shocks.

    The carbon bodywork was styled by Pagani himself, and features active aerodynamics — flaps at each corner of the car that can move independently and alter downforce according to inputs from sensors that measure speed, lateral and longitudinal acceleration, roll, and steering angle.

    The suspension will also automatically lower the nose to increase the car’s angle of attack and increase downforce at speed.

    Maths of the Huayra

    The Huayra weighs less than 3000 pounds (dry) and has 720 horsepower. Oh, and it also has more than 737 lb-ft of torque, courtesy of a new 60-degree, 6.0-liter twin-turbo V-12 developed expressly for the car by the engine wizards at AMG, replacing the 7.3-liter naturally aspirated AMG V-12 in the Zonda.

    The mid-mounted engine drives the rear wheels through a seven-speed, single clutch automated manual transmission built by Xtrac, the British company that makes trannys for F1 cars and Le Mans prototypes.

    There was some wrangling over the new engine’s configuration. Horacio Pagani didn’t like the idea of turbos, and didn’t like the naturally aspirated V-8 AMG first proposed as a replacement for the Zonda’s 7.3.

    He wanted a V-12, but AMG engineers were insistent that to meet emissions and fuel consumption standards through the next decade, the engine had to have forced induction.

    AMG clearly knew what it was talking about. At cruising speeds, the Huayra is one of the most fuel-efficient supercars in the business, says Pagani, brandishing figures fresh from the test lab showing it has achieved 21 mpg (U.S.) on the Euro highway cycle.

    Nailing the gas in the Huayra is like lighting the afterburners on an F-15, though. The new V-12, codenamed M158 in AMG-speak, will pull cleanly and smoothly from as little as 1000 rpm, but once the tach needle swings past the 2500 mark and the turbos get into their comfort zone, the thrust is epic and utterly relentless all the way to 6000 rpm.

    I didn’t go past 160 mph more than once on the bumpy, busy autostrada near Bologna, but the Huayra got there without breaking sweat; a casual canter en route to its claimed 230 mph top speed.

    More impressive than the Huayra’s raw speed on the autostrada, however, is its agility on the winding two-lanes. This is a big car — 181.2 inches long and 80.2 inches wide, rolling on a 110.2-inch wheelbase — but its low mass — it weighs about 200 pounds less than a Ferrari 458 Italia, and a whopping 1300 pounds less than a Bugatti Veyron — means it darts and weaves through the twisties like Jerry Rice on a crossing route.

    Factor in that weapons-grade torque and a complete absence of turbo-lag, and the Huayra will destroy a canyon road using only second and third gears.

    Which is just as well, because the seven-speed automated manual transmission is the car’s weakest link. Sure, it’s light — at 211 pounds, the single-clutch unit is less than half the weight of the 458 Italia’s dual-clutch ‘box — and the F1-style transverse gearset keeps most of the transmission’s mass inside the wheelbase, but the speed and finesse of its shifts are nowhere near as good as those of the Ferrari.

    It feels like a first-gen Lamborghini automated manual — slow and clumsy in auto mode, thumpingly brutal in manual mode if you keep your foot on the gas through the shifts.

  • Rwanda joins U.S.-India Open Government Platform

    Rwanda’s Ambassador to the United States H.E Amb.James Kimonyo, joined the US-India strategic dialogue on Open Government Platform (OGPL) to express the Government of Rwanda interest in the OGPL initiative.

    The OGPL is a software platform which aims at providing enhanced public access to government data and documents, and encourage citizen engagement and interface with the Government.

    This initiative will provide a platform data sharing to improve governance, enhance accountability and generate greater collaborations between member countries.

    The OGPL was jointly developed by the US and India and Rwanda’s participation was announced today during the US-India strategic dialogues.

    It was attended by US Deputy chief technology officer for government innovation in the White House Office, the Science and Technology Policy, Assistant Secretary for South and Central Asian Affairs – Robert O. Blake, OSTP Director Dr. John Holdren, India’s, Minister of External Affairs, Hon. J/S Jawed Ashraf, advisor to the PM, Sam Pitroda, and NIC Director General Dr. BK Gairola.

    The OGPL is a result of the collaboration announced between India and the US as part of President Obama’s visit in November, 2010.

    The purpose of the platform is to enhance access and use of government data to foster innovation; improve delivery of government services for interested countries and cities around the world; and promote government transparency, accountability, and public participation.

  • iOS 6 Brings New Features, Siri to iPad

    At Apple’s annual WorldWide Developers Conference keynote today, CEO Tim Cook took the stage to detail the company’s plans for its upcoming hardware and software releases.

    He opened the show by telling everyone that the company had some “really cool stuff” to show off, and he certainly kept his word.

    Unfortunately, that cool stuff had nothing to do with the long-rumored iPhone 5.

    Apple’s iOS is getting a makeover in iOS 6. The first thing Apple showed regarding the new mobile operating system was more advanced Siri virtual assistant features, including the snarky A.I.’s new ability to find sports scores online.

    You can simply ask “Siri, what was the score of the Brewers game?” and she’ll find it for you.

    Siri can also launch apps for you, assuming your library of games is too large to manual browse. Saying the name of a game or app will launch it, making the process perhaps slightly faster than clicking it yourself, though you’d have to be a real productivity nut to find this particular feature useful.

    Believe it or not, iOS 6 includes a few new features for — gasp! — the phone application on the iPhone as well.

    Now, when you receive a call and cannot take it you’ll be given the option to reply to the number that called you via text message, or even have your phone remind you later that you missed the call.

    And for when the sun sets and you’re not longer on the clock, a new “Do not disturb” option lets you effectively silence any incoming messages or calls, but will still remind you of them when you awaken.

    Despite all the new features, perhaps the biggest news from iOS 6 is that it will finally bring the virtual voice assistant Siri to Apple’s new tablet.

    The newest version of the iPad (3rd generation) will have access to Siri voice commands when updated with iOS 6. Prior to this, the new iPad had voice dictation software, but no actual Siri functionality.

    iOS 6 is being made available to developers right away, but won’t actually launch on consumer devices until later this year.

  • IT Companies Plan Software Training

    A training workshop on a software awareness is scheduled to take place on 4th July in Uganda’s Capital Kampala.

    The worshop is organised by Software testing firm, Tezza Solutions, and Information Technology services vendor, HP. It follows a related seminar held in Nairobi in February this year.

    During the workshop particpants will discuss insights on emerging trends, including the importance of training IT staff on software quality assurance and testing.

    It looks at how organisations can successfully implement their software projects as well as what project managers need to know before they embark on them.

    Themed Successful Systems implementation through Test Automation and Performance Testing the half-day seminar shall be held at Kampala-based Sheraton hotel.

    “Particcipants will learn how to leverage the power in HP’s application life management tools such as Quality Center, Quick Test Professional, Load Runner and WebInspect for their organisation’s security, performance, test automation and test management needs,” said Roland Omoresemi, chief executive of Tezza Solutions.

    Prevalence of software bugs

    According to industry statistics, software bugs or errors are prevalent and detrimental. A 2002 study commissioned by US Department of Commerce’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) indicated that software errors cost the US economy an estimated $ 59.5 billion annually, or about 0.6% of the gross domestic product.

    The study stated that although all errors cannot be removed, more than a third of these costs, or an estimated $ 22.2 billion, could be eliminated by an improved testing infrastructure that enables earlier and more effective identification and removal of software defects.

    In most countries, over half of the costs associated with software errors are borne by software users and the remainder by software developers or vendors.

    The conference comes at a time when there is an ever increasing need for companies to increase efficiency, profitability and market share.

    Most firms have also recognised that use of software is inevitable should companies want to attain their performance goals but reliance on software means having to accept that humans make mistakes, and that bugs of varying magnitude will make their way into environments where our customers will find them.

    “Dealing with bugs found by customers can be costly, difficult to rectify and can even result in the death of a company.

  • Solar-Powered Plane to Land in Africa Today

    The African Continent will host today evening a solar-powered plane which is on its way from Spain to Morocco.

    The plane is finishing the second leg of its transatlantic journey. Pilot Bertrand Piccard is set to land today in the Moroccan capital Rabat.

    The Solar Impulse, the size of a jumbo jet, is powered by 12,000 solar cells turning four electrical motors.

    The 2,500km-trip (1,550 miles), begun in Switzerland in May, is described as a rehearsal for a world tour in 2014 .

    Made of carbon fibre, the giant plane is the size of an Airbus A340 but only weighs as much as an average family car, according to its creators.

    People can follow the aircraft’s flight progress via a virtual dashboard on Solar Impulse’s website, which shows the plane’s battery status, altitude and speed.

    Mr Piccard is also posting live updates of his journey on Twitter (@bertrandpiccard).

  • Researchers Present Detailed Analysis of Maize Genome

    An interdisciplinary team, led by researchers at Cornell University and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), have just published the most comprehensive analysis to date of the corn genome.

    The team expects the achievement to speed up development of improved varieties of one of the world’s most important agricultural commodities.

    The results should boost international efforts to increase yields, expand areas where corn can be cultivated and produce varieties better equipped to resist pests and disease.

    Funded in the United States by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the USDA, the work was a collaborative effort by scientists at 17 U.S. and foreign institutions that include the University of Wisconsin-Madison; University of Missouri-Columbia; North Carolina State University; Beijing Genome Institute; University of California, Davis and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Mexico City, Mexico.

    The study appears in two corn genome projects published in separate reports in the June 3 online edition of the journalNature Genetics.

    “This work represents a major step forward and an important tool in the arsenal available to scientists and breeders for improving a vital source of nutrition,” said Edward B. Knipling, administrator of USDA’s Agricultural Research Service.

    The analysis could also help those who develop corn yields as a source of fuel, who manage crops in the face of changing climates and who are concerned about the diminishing supply of arable land and growing populations, he said.

    “This project is a stellar example of how collaborations of scientists, here and abroad, leverage resources across multiple agencies to enable transformational research with the potential to address urgent societal needs for a bio-based economy,” said John Wingfield, assistant director for NSF’s Biological Sciences Directorate.

    It is anticipated that the tools and approaches generated in this project will enable scientists to look at genetic differences in other organisms as they respond to global climate change, human disturbance and invasive species, Wingfield explained.

    The studies’ collaborators shed light on corn’s genetic diversity, detail how it evolved and outline how corn–known as maize among scientists–continues to diversify as it adapts to changing climates and habitats.

    One study, published in the journal led by team member, USDA-ARS and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory scientist Doreen Ware, examines the genetic structure and the relationships and sequential ordering of individual genes in more than 100 varieties of wild and domesticated corn.

    Another study led by team member Jeff Ross-Ibarra from the University of California, Davis gives an extraordinary glimpse into how corn evolved more than 8,700 years ago from a wild grass in the lowland areas of southwestern Mexico into today’s ubiquitous international commodity.

    The researchers compared wild varieties with traditional corn varieties from across the Americas and with modern improved breeding lines. They identified hundreds of genes that played a role in the transformation of corn from its wild origins to today’s cultivated crop and show how that transition was largely achieved by ancient farmers who first domesticated it thousands of years ago.

    Last year, the economic value of the U.S. corn crop was $76 billion, with U.S. growers producing an estimated 12 billion bushels, more than a third of the world’s supply.

    Corn is the largest production crop worldwide, providing food for billions of people and livestock and critical feedstock for production of biofuels.

  • Food Security: Farm Smarter Not to Plow More Land

    A major Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) says the key to food security is to farm smarter, not to plow more land.

    The strains on agriculture are growing as the global population rises and emerging economies demand more types of food.

    Frank Rijsberman, CEO of CGIAR noted,“Agriculture had been neglected for several decades. We had become used to abundant and cheap food. The world got a wake-up call in 2008, ’10, ’11 with spikes in food prices. People realised that we have to produce an awful lot more food for a growing world population, as much as 70% by 2050,”

    The world population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050, an increase of 2 billion from the current level. However, to feed that many people, is it simply a matter of planting more seeds on more land?

    Rijsberman explained; “No, actually, that’s the wrong way to go. Crop yields – the amount of crop that we get per hectare has plateaued. It is no longer increasing. The only thing farmers can do is indeed plow under more land and they are doing that at an alarming pace.

    They are doing that now more rapidly than during the green revolution. But if they do that they’re going to plow under marginal lands, key environmental areas. That would be quite disastrous and not a long-term sustainable path,” he said.

    He said the key is research to learn how to get greater crop output from existing agricultural land. That’s one of the main goals of CGIAR.

    “There’s a lot of private sector research in agriculture, but that serves primarily the big commercial farmers. We are serving the smallholder farmers – the 500 million farmers on less than two hectares – that provide most of the food in developing countries,” he said.

    A second goal is to get the latest research into the hands of smallholder farmers as quickly as possible. Information such as ways to better access markets and reduce post-harvest loses.

    Another is to address the issues of climate change, nutrition and gender, since women account for much if not most of the agricultural production around the world.

    Rijsberman said while recent spikes in food prices may not hit consumers very hard in developed countries, they can have a devastating effect in poor countries.

  • Facebook Smartphone Ready in 2013

    In 2013, Facebook smartphone will be available to clients of the Social networking giant.

    In 2010, facebook was reported to have been “secretly” building a smartphone – although this particular project is said to have broken down.

    Facebook recently admitted it was struggling to make money out of its growing mobile audience.

    It is in this regard that the Facebook had been hiring several smartphone engineers—as noted by some facebook employees.

    It is also said that Facebook has hired experts who worked on the iPhone and other smartphones.

    Facebook recently floated on the stock market, has also just launched its own mobile application store.

    The App Center currently offers links to Facebook-enabled apps within Apple’s iOS and Google Android stores but developers will soon be able to write apps to be placed exclusively in Facebook’s store.

    It quoted a Facebook employee as saying the site’s founder Mark Zuckerberg was “worried that if he doesn’t create a mobile phone in the near future… Facebook will simply become an app on other mobile platforms”.

  • Male Contraceptive Pill to Replace Condom

    There are high chances of developing a new male contraceptive pill after researchers in Edinburgh identified a gene critical for the production of healthy sperm.

    Experiments in mice found that the gene, Katnal1, was vital for the final stages of making sperm.

    The authors of a study in PLos Genetics say a drug, which interrupts Katnal1, could be a reversible contraceptive. A fertility expert said there was “certainly a need” for such a drug.

    Contraception in men is largely down to condoms or a vasectomy. Researchers at the Centre for Reproductive Health at the University of Edinburgh were investigating the causes of male infertility.

    They randomly altered the genetic code of mice to see which became infertile. They then traced the mutations that led to infertility, which led them to Katnal1.

    It contains the blueprints for a protein that is important in cells, which support the development of sperm. Without the protein, sperm do not fully form and the body disposes of them.

    Scientists hope they will be able to perform a similar trick in humans to stop sperm developing, without causing lasting damage.

    One of the researchers Dr Lee Smith said: “If we can find a way to target this gene in the testes, we could potentially develop a non-hormonal contraceptive.

    “The important thing is that the effects of such a drug would be reversible because Katnal1 only affects sperm cells in the later stages of development, so it would not hinder the early stages of sperm production and the overall ability to produce sperm.

    He said it would be “relatively difficult” to do as the protein lives inside cells, however, he said there was “potential” to find something else that protein worked with, which might be an easier target.